C-Programming Some Problem Solved by Md Shamim Hossain
C-Prgrammaing
Md Shamim Hossain
Department of CSE
Uttara University
C Library Functions
Under Different Header File
C Header Files
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<assert.h>
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Program assertion functions
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<ctype.h>
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Character type functions
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<locale.h>
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Localization functions
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<math.h>
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Mathematics functions
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<setjmp.h>
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Jump functions
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<signal.h>
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Signal handling functions
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<stdarg.h>
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Variable arguments handling functions
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<stdio.h>
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Standard Input/Output functions
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<stdlib.h>
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Standard Utility functions
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<string.h>
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String handling functions
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<time.h>
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Date time functions
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Example:-01 Program
to Display "Hello, World!"
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("Hello, World!");//MD
SHAMIM HOSSSAIN
return 0;
}
Example:-02 Program
to Print an Integer
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
printf("Enter an integer: "); // YOU CAN TAKE ANY NUMBER
scanf("%d", &number);
printf("You entered: %d", number);//MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
return 0;
}
Output
Enter a integer: 25
You entered: 25
Example :03 Program
to Count Number of Digits in an Integer
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
long long n;
int count = 0;
printf("Enter an integer: "); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
scanf("%lld", &n);
while(n != 0)
{
// n = n/10
n /= 10;
++count;
}
printf("Number of digits: %d", count);
}
Output
Enter an integer: 3452
Number of digits: 4
Example:04 Program
to Add Two Integers
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int firstNumber, secondNumber, sumOfTwoNumbers; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
printf("Enter two integers: ");
// Two integers entered by user is stored using scanf() function
scanf("%d %d", &firstNumber, &secondNumber);
// sum of two numbers in stored in variable sumOfTwoNumbers
sumOfTwoNumbers = firstNumber + secondNumber;
// Displays sum
printf("%d + %d = %d", firstNumber, secondNumber, sumOfTwoNumbers);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter two integers: 12
11
12 + 11 = 23
Example:05Program to Swap Numbers Using Temporary
Variable
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double firstNumber, secondNumber, temporaryVariable;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%lf", &firstNumber);
printf("Enter second number: "); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
scanf("%lf",&secondNumber);
temporaryVariable = firstNumber;
// Value of secondNumber is assigned to firstNumber
firstNumber = secondNumber;
secondNumber = temporaryVariable;
printf("\nAfter swapping, firstNumber = %.2lf\n", firstNumber);
printf("After swapping, secondNumber = %.2lf", secondNumber);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter first number: 1.20
Enter second number: 2.45
After swapping, firstNumber = 2.45
After swapping, secondNumber = 1.20
Example 06: Program
to Swap Number Without Using Temporary Variables
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double firstNumber, secondNumber;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%lf", &firstNumber);
printf("Enter second number: ");
scanf("%lf",&secondNumber)
firstNumber = firstNumber - secondNumber; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
secondNumber = firstNumber + secondNumber;
firstNumber = secondNumber - firstNumber;
printf("\nAfter swapping, firstNumber = %.2lf\n", firstNumber);
printf("After swapping, secondNumber = %.2lf", secondNumber);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter first number: 10.25
Enter second number: -12.5
After swapping, firstNumber = -12.50
After swapping, secondNumber = 10.25
Example:07Program to Multiply Two Numbers
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double firstNumber, secondNumber, product; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
// Stores two floating point numbers in variable firstNumber and secondNumber respectively
scanf("%lf %lf", &firstNumber, &secondNumber);
// Performs multiplication and stores the result in variable productOfTwoNumbers
product = firstNumber * secondNumber;
// Result up to 2 decimal point is displayed using %.2lf
printf("Product = %.2lf", product);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter two numbers: 2.4
1.12
Product = 2.69
Example:08Program
to Print ASCII Value
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter a character: "); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
// Reads character input from the user
scanf("%c", &c);
// %d displays the integer value of a character
// %c displays the actual character
printf("ASCII value of %c = %d", c, c);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter a character: G
ASCII value of G = 71
Example:09 Program
to Check Alphabet
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter a character: "); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
scanf("%c",&c);
if( (c>='a' && c<='z') || (c>='A' && c<='Z'))
printf("%c is an alphabet.",c);
else
printf("%c is not an alphabet.",c);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter a character: *
* is not an alphabet
Example 10: Program
to Check Vowel or consonant
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
int isLowercaseVowel, isUppercaseVowel;
printf("Enter an alphabet: ");
scanf("%c",&c);
// evaluates to 1 (true) if c is a lowercase vowel
isLowercaseVowel = (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u');
// evaluates to 1 (true) if c is an uppercase vowel
isUppercaseVowel = (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c == 'U');
// evaluates to 1 (true) if either isLowercaseVowel or isUppercaseVowel is true
if (isLowercaseVowel || isUppercaseVowel)
printf("%c is a vowel.", c);
else
printf("%c is a consonant.", c);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter an alphabet: G
G is a consonant.
Example :11 Program
to Check Vowel or consonant
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main()
{
char c;
int isLowercaseVowel, isUppercaseVowel; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
do {
printf("Enter an alphabet: ");
scanf(" %c", &c);
}
// isalpha() returns 0 if the passed character is not an alphabet
while (!isalpha(c));
// evaluates to 1 (true) if c is a lowercase vowel
isLowercaseVowel = (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u');
// evaluates to 1 (true) if c is an uppercase vowel
isUppercaseVowel = (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c == 'U');
// evaluates to 1 (true) if either isLowercaseVowel or isUppercaseVowel is true
if (isLowercaseVowel || isUppercaseVowel)
printf("%c is a vowel.", c);
else
printf("%c is a consonant.", c);
return 0;
}
Example:12 Program
to Compute Quotient and Remainder
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
int dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder;
printf("Enter dividend: ");
scanf("%d", ÷nd);
printf("Enter divisor: ");
scanf("%d", &divisor);
// Computes quotient
quotient = dividend / divisor; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
// Computes remainder
remainder = dividend % divisor;
printf("Quotient = %d\n", quotient); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
printf("Remainder = %d", remainder);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter dividend: 25
Enter divisor: 4
Quotient = 6
Remainder = 1
Example:13 Program
to Find the Size of a variable
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int integerType; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
float floatType;
double doubleType;//MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
char charType;
// Sizeof operator is used to evaluate the size of a variable
printf("Size of int: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(integerType));
printf("Size of float: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(floatType));
printf("Size of double: %ld bytes\n",sizeof(doubleType));
printf("Size of char: %ld byte\n",sizeof(charType));
return 0;
}
Output
Size of int: 4 bytes
Size of float: 4 bytes
Size of double: 8 bytes
Size of char: 1 byte
Example:14 Program
to Demonstrate the Working of long
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
long b;
long long c;
double e;
long double f;
printf("Size of int = %ld bytes \n", sizeof(a));
printf("Size of long = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(b));
printf("Size of long long = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(c));
printf("Size of double = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(e));
printf("Size of long double = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(f));
return 0;
}
Output
Size of int = 4 bytes
Size of long = 8 bytes
Size of long long = 8 bytes
Size of double = 8 bytes
Size of long double = 16 bytes
Example:15
Factorial of a Number
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i;
unsigned long long factorial = 1;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
// show error if the user enters a negative integer
if (n < 0)
printf("Error! Factorial of a negative number doesn't exist.");
else
{
for(i=1; i<=n; ++i)
{
factorial *= i; // factorial = factorial*i;
}
printf("Factorial of %d = %llu", n, factorial);
}
return 0;
}
Output
Enter an integer: 10
Factorial of 10 = 3628800
Example:16
Factorial of a Number Using Recursion
#include <stdio.h>
long int multiplyNumbers(int n);
int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Factorial of %d = %ld", n, multiplyNumbers(n));
return 0;
}
long int multiplyNumbers(int n)
{
if (n >= 1)
return n*multiplyNumbers(n-1);
else
return 1;
}
Output
Enter a positive integer: 6
Factorial of 6 = 720
Example :17 Check if
a Number is Positive or Negative Using if...else
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double number;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%lf", &number);
if (number <= 0.0)
{
if (number == 0.0)
printf("You entered 0.");
else
printf("You entered a negative number.");
}
else
printf("You entered a positive number.");
return 0;
}
Example :18 Check if
a Number is Positive or Negative Using if...else
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double number;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%lf", &number);
if (number <= 0.0)
{
if (number == 0.0)
printf("You entered 0.");
else
printf("You entered a negative number.");
}
else
printf("You entered a positive number.");
return 0;
}
Example :20 Check if
a Number is Positive or Negative Using Nested if...else
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
double number;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%lf", &number);
// true if number is less than 0
if (number < 0.0)
printf("You entered a negative number."); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
// true if number is greater than 0
else if ( number > 0.0)
printf("You entered a positive number.");
// if both test expression is evaluated to false
else
printf("You entered 0.");
return 0;
}
Output 1
Enter a number: 12.3
You entered a positive number.
Output 2
Enter a number: 0
You entered 0.
Example:21 Program
to Check Leap Year
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int year;
printf("Enter a year: ");// MD SAHMIM HOSSSAIN SAGOR
scanf("%d",&year);
if(year%4 == 0)
{
if( year%100 == 0)
{
// year is divisible by 400, hence the year is a leap year
if ( year%400 == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year.", year);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
}
else
printf("%d is a leap year.", year );
}
else
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
return 0;
}
Output 1
Enter a year: 1900
1900 is not a leap year.
Output 2
Enter a year: 2012
2012 is a leap year.
Example :22 Program
to Check Even or Odd
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
printf("Enter an integer: ");// MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN SAGOR
scanf("%d", &number);
// True if the number is perfectly divisible by 2
if(number % 2 == 0)
printf("%d is even.", number); MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN SAGOR
else
printf("%d is odd.", number);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter an integer: -7
-7 is odd.
Example :23 Program
to Check Odd or Even Using Conditional Operator
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
printf("Enter an integer: ");//MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
scanf("%d", &number);
if(number % 2 == 0)
{
printf("%d is even.", number);// MD SHAMIM HOSSIAN
}
else
{
printf("%d is odd.", number);
}
return 0;
}
Eaxample:24
#include
<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
printf("Enter Your
Number:"); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
scanf("%d",&number);
printf("Your Number
is=%d\n",number);
if(number%2== 0)
{
printf("This Number is
even"); //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
}
else
{
printf("This Number is
odd");//MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
}
return 0;
}
Example 24: Check
Armstrong Number of three digits
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number, originalNumber, remainder, result = 0; //MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
printf("Enter a three digit integer: ");
scanf("%d", &number);
originalNumber = number;
while (originalNumber != 0)
{
remainder = originalNumber%10;
result += remainder*remainder*remainder;
originalNumber /= 10;
}
if(result == number)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.",number);//MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
else
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.",number);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter a three digit integer: 371
371 is an Armstrong number.
Example:25 Check
Armstrong Number of n digits
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
int number, originalNumber, remainder, result = 0, n = 0 ;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &number);
originalNumber = number;
while (originalNumber != 0) // MD SHAMIM HOSSAIN
{
originalNumber /= 10;
++n;
}
originalNumber = number;
while (originalNumber != 0)
{
remainder = originalNumber%10;
result += pow(remainder, n);
originalNumber /= 10;
}
if(result == number)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.", number);
else
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.", number);
return 0;
}
Output
Enter an integer: 1634
1634 is an Armstrong number.
Example:26 Seconds in a Years
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int year=1,second;
second=year*365*24*60*60;
printf(" year %d =%d
second\n",year,second);
return 0;
}
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